【长寿人文】长寿有个孙仲山｜故园情愫
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.hicsq.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010487" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010487"><div class="preview_article "> <!----> <section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com"><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="88744" style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; visibility: visible;"><section style="outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; visibility: visible;"><section style="outline: 0px; 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font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">故园情愫</span></section></section><section style="outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; visibility: visible;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; width: 5px; height: 2px; border-radius: 0px 0px 3px 3px; float: left; background-color: rgb(218, 203, 158); overflow: hidden; visibility: visible;"><br style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px; width: 5px; height: 2px; border-radius: 0px 0px 3px 3px; float: right; background-color: rgb(218, 203, 158); overflow: hidden; visibility: visible;"><br style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; visibility: visible;"><br style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section></section></section></section></section><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="89069" style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;" class="_135editor"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 1.5em; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3) 0px 1px 4px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 0px 40px inset; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"><strong style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(189, 116, 33); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">长江边的放粮故事</span></strong><br style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: normal; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 到孙仲山的老家长寿江南采风，年长的人会绘声绘色地讲述孙仲山江边放粮的故事。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 据长寿江南中学退休教师孙世国介绍，清朝末年，孙仲山曾经两次入川采购大米，运往江南赈灾。孙仲山深知家乡父老日子拮据，每次运粮船队从重庆沿着长江水道经过长寿时，孙仲山都会命令船队在老家江南肖家石盘附近一个叫上河水的地方停靠，招呼乡亲们前去领取粮食。对于挣扎在死亡线上的贫苦农民而言，这无异于久旱逢甘露。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 当时，江边码头上人头攒动，从四面八方赶来的乡亲，忙碌着从船上搬卸粮食，有的背着，有的挑着，径直往家里运，心中充满了感恩，脸上洋溢着少有的笑意。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 原来，1906年江南巨浸，安徽、江苏发生特大水灾，正在江苏任职的孙仲山两次奉命回川采购大米赈灾。孙仲山在为江南赈灾过程中，联想到家乡父老缺粮的严酷现实，因而特地多了一个心意，自己掏钱多采购一份粮食，顺便也救济一下老家，这真可谓用心良苦。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><section style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: normal; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: normal; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(189, 116, 33); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">巨资捐助长寿老家</span></strong></span></section><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: normal; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 1909年，父亲孙继宽逝世，孙仲山奔丧回籍，在江南老家守孝两年零三个月，这是孙仲山离开长寿后回家居住时间最久的一次。孙仲山在守孝“居礼之余，捐资十余万金，补助重庆商业学校，创办长寿男女学校暨义仓、医院、公园等处，修筑道路、桥梁、义渡、善堂及救生船等项，冬令施棉衣设粥厂。”</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 当时，“十余万金”是一个很大的额度。所谓“金”，绝非黄金，而是白银“两”的雅称。十余万金，就是白银十馀万两，按照购买力计算，大约相当于一亿多元人民币。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 注重民生，是孙仲山资助长寿的一大特色。创办义仓、义渡、善堂、粥厂、医院、公园，修筑道路、桥梁、救生船等，无一不是事关民生的项目，而且着力点全是处于社会下层的普通民众。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 关于孙仲山修路，至今长寿江南的民众还感慨不已。孙仲山守孝期间，修建了从长江边的烂泥湾到孙家湾，从千佛场到龙寨山怀清台的石板路，路面宽阔平整，长达十馀公里，解决了江南山丘地带老百姓的行路难问题。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 此外，孙仲山还捐资修建了从长寿城内凤岭街之林庄口到林庄坝的石板路，路基宽达数米，成为连接城区与林庄学区的必经之路，至今还在发挥作用。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 至于孙仲山捐资兴办公园，不能不得到青龙阁。在长寿河街新桥南桥头，有一座高耸于长江边的山岭，以其有青龙盘曲之势，名叫青龙岭。青龙岭上有定慧寺，南宋始建，朱熹题有“天风海涛”匾额，明朝以来就是长寿八景之一，有“定慧鸣钟响万里”的美誉。为了丰富定慧寺的景观，孙仲山捐资千元，特意在青龙岭上建起一座青龙阁，供游人观览。</span></p><p style="text-align: center; vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;">■孙仲山投资修建的青龙阁，曾经高耸江边的青龙岭上，是长寿的江边一景</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"><br></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"><br></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"><strong style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(189, 116, 33); box-sizing: border-box !important;"></strong><strong style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(189, 116, 33); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">永远的仲山药房</span></strong><br style="outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"><br></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 孙仲山在长寿的善举，最为人们所称道的是开办仲山药房。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 长寿曾经长期是个缺医少药的地方。民国建立以后，长寿的医院主要是私人诊所，直到抗日战争期间，最早的公立医院长寿卫生所才在城内开办。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 从上个世纪三十年代开始，孙仲山嘱托家人，在城内自己的住家崇德堂门口开办了一家仲山药房。孙仲山特意延请当地很有名望的两位医生坐诊。这两位名医，一位叫左桐亭，一位叫孙绍峰，都是长寿顶级的医生。仲山药房收费便宜，价格明显低于其它药房。如果是穷苦农民看病、吃药，则一律不收钱。抗日战争时期，仲山药房内增设了中医科和外伤救治等设施，专为贫苦人家诊病施药和手术治疗。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 有一次，孙仲山听说有一个人因为串阑尾炎，长寿没有医院开刀手术，去重庆救治途中不幸死亡，于是毅然拿出黄金20条，委托县人黄楚樵在上海购回医药器械，支持开办长寿县卫生所。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 当时长寿分为城、河二街，即城内和河街两大片区，城内是政治中心，河街是商业中心，于是孙仲山又在河街最为繁华热闹的鱼市街开了一家仲山药房。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 除此之外，每逢暑天，孙仲山还安排在城内和河街的仲山药房门口，安放两口大瓦缸，里面盛满了老荫茶，免费供过往的行人饮用解渴，预防中暑。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 解放前，仲山药房名气非常大，因为那是孙仲山专门为贫苦百姓开办的福利医院。时至今日，人们在聊天时只要提到仲山药房，依然心存敬意，对孙仲山赞不绝口。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;">■</span>长寿城内崇德堂大门“仲山药房”四字依稀可辨</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"><strong style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(189, 116, 33); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">投资桃花溪电站</span></strong></p><section style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(189, 116, 33); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></strong></section><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 孙仲山为家乡做的大好事，最具社会价值且有长远影响者，首推桃花溪电站的投资兴建。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 移居桃花街开办织布厂的王绍吉(1897-1961年)，是江南扇沱场人，应该算孙仲山的小老乡。经过多年积累，赚得资金达大洋一万元。王绍吉对三洞沟的水电资源情有独钟，很想一试身手，因为不懂技术，不知如何建厂，于是决定外出求贤。1934年春，王绍吉开始聘请专业人员筹办电站，经过考察，厂址最终选择在二洞悬崖下，随即破土动工。1936年，王绍吉从上海运回从英国古柏公司进口的机器设备，由于资金紧缺，被迫停工。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 一筹莫展之际，王绍吉央求岳父周静潭辗转找到了孙仲山，寻求资助，孙仲山同意投资5000元大洋入股，安装工程得以顺利进行。1937年冬，安装完成，几经调试，终于试车成功，命名恒星电厂的长寿第一座水电厂终于建成。从此，长寿城河二街的居民点上现代化的电灯，告别了黑灯瞎火的时代。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(109, 109, 109); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 用今天的眼光看，桃花溪电站发电量太小，但在中国水电史上，却具有里程碑式的意义。1958年3月5日，周恩来总理到长寿视察，还特别问起“桃花溪电站还在不在”，可见桃花溪电站的知名度的确不同寻常。</span></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;" align="center"></p><p style="vertical-align: inherit; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;">■</span>孙仲山投资兴建的长寿桃花溪电站，是中国最早的水电站之一</span></p></section></section><section style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; line-height: normal; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); box-sizing: border-box !important;">| 来源：《乐游长寿》杂志</span></section></section> <!----></div><!---->
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